Hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1C)

Hemoglobin A1C is a measure of the glycation of the hemoglobin protein. Hemoglobin is the primary oxygen carrying protein in red blood cells, and high levels of blood sugar (blood glucose) can damage hemoglobin, a process known as glycation. A high percentage of hemoglobin A1C is thus indicative of elevated average blood sugar, as a result of insulin resistance.